@article {1734, title = {Neuropeptide F: primary structure from the tubellarian, Artioposthia triangulata.}, journal = {Comp Biochem Physiol C}, volume = {101}, year = {1992}, month = {1992 Feb}, pages = {269-74}, abstract = {

1. A neuropeptide exhibiting vertebrate pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactivity has been isolated and sequenced from extracts of the terrestrial turbellarian, Artioposthia triangulata. 2. This neuropeptide, designated neuropeptide F, consists of 36 amino acid residues terminating in a phenylalaninamide. 3. The full primary structure was established as: KVVHLRPRSSFSSEDEYQIYLRNVSKYIQLYGRPRF.NH2. The molecular mass, deduced from this sequence, was 4433 Da. 4. This neuropeptide exhibits C-terminal homology with neuropeptide F (Moniezia expansa) and with the vertebrate neuropeptide Y/pancreatic polypeptide superfamily of which it may represent a phylogenetic precursor.

}, keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Helminth Proteins, Immunohistochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular Weight, Neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptides, Pancreatic Polypeptide, Platyhelminths, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid}, issn = {0742-8413}, author = {Curry, W J and Shaw, C and Johnston, C F and Thim, L and Buchanan, K D} } @article {1728, title = {Parvalbumin-immunoreactive proteins in the nervous system of planarians}, journal = {Cell Mol Neurobiol}, volume = {15}, year = {1995}, month = {1995 Aug}, pages = {401-10}, abstract = {

1. Using immunological methods, we have identified parvalbumin-like material in the triclade flatworms, Polycelis nigra, Polycelis auriculata, Crenobia alpina, Dugesia tahitiensis, and Dugesia polychroa. 2. Western immunoblot analysis of these five species revealed heat stable parvalbumin-immunoreactive proteins between 32 kD and 44 kD. 3. Proteins at 19 and 32 kD revealed intense labeling with 45Ca2+. 4. Double immunodiffusion of planarian supernatants showed complete fusion of precipitates, indicating immunological relatedness of the parvalbumin-like material among the species investigated. 5. Immunocytochemical studies exhibit parvalbumin-immunoreactive material exclusively in neurons supporting the notion of an early evolutionary appearance of these proteins in the nervous system.

}, keywords = {Animals, Blotting, Western, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Immunohistochemistry, Molecular Weight, Nervous system, Parvalbumins, planarians}, issn = {0272-4340}, author = {Hutticher, A and Kerschbaum, H H and Kainz, V and Bito, M and Hermann, A} } @article {1695, title = {Serotonin in the nervous system of the head region of the land planarian Bipalium kewense}, volume = {35}, year = {2003}, month = {2003/12//}, pages = {479 - 486}, abstract = {

The presence and distribution of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) in the head region of the land planarian Bipalium kewense has been investigated by an indirect immunofluorescence technique combined with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), and also by immunogold labeling at ultrastructural level. Serotonin immunoreactivity (IR) was restricted to elements of the nervous system, such as the cerebral ganglion, and the peripheral nerve net. Most of 5-HT-immunoreactive neurons are at the periphery of the brain; they were identified as unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons. The ultrastructural results using immunogold labeling confirm the location of 5-HT within electron-dense vesicles (50\–120 nm in diameter), clustered both in the cell bodies and in their processes. The intense 5-HT-IR herein demonstrated for B. kewense adds new data to the poorly studied nervous system of land planarians.

}, keywords = {Cephalic ganglion, Immunohistochemistry, Land planaria, Nervous system, Plathelminthes, Serotonin}, isbn = {0040-8166}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040816603000740}, author = {Fernandes, M.C and Alvares, E.P and Gama, P and Silveira, M} }