@article {1779, title = {Studies on Virginian triclads}, journal = {Journal Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society}, volume = {51}, year = {1935}, pages = {79-133}, url = {http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/jncas/id/1631}, author = {Roman Kenk} } @article {1719, title = {Resistance of two planarian species to UV-irradiation}, journal = {Folia Biol (Krakow)}, volume = {54}, year = {2006}, month = {2006}, pages = {103-8}, abstract = {

The aim of this work was to determine the effects of 20, 25 and 30 minute UV-irradiation periods lambda = 253.5 nm to two planarian species Dugesia tigrina (Gir.) and Polycelis felina (Daly.). In vivo, UV light effects have been reported to affect intracellular receptors and disrupt simple behaviour. The effects of UV-rays on mortality and behavior as well as morphological, cytological and histological changes in the two planarian species were assessed, and the course and the dynamics of regenerative processes were compared between them. Experimental populations of Dugesia tigrina and Polycelis felina species were maintained in laboratory conditions at room temperature. Mortality, behavioral and morphological changes were monitored daily by means of a light stereomicroscope. For cytological and histopathological analysis, planarians were fixed in Bouine fixative on the first, second, third, fifth and seventh day after exposure to UV-irradiation, respectively. They were embedded in paraffin, cut on a microtome, stained with toluidin blue and embedded in Canada-balsam. UV-rays caused mortality, behavioral, morphological, cytological and histological changes in each planarian species. In regeneration of damaged body parts reticular cells and neoblasts played the main role. Neoblasts as totipotent cells extremely increased in number in the area of damaged tissue, immediately after UV-exposure. Dugesia tigrina was more sensitive to UV-rays than Polycelis felina due to possession of less pigmented cells. The course of regeneration in both species was similar. Most individuals of both species regenerated in 5 to 12 days after UV-irradiation.

}, keywords = {Animals, planarians, Ultraviolet Rays}, issn = {0015-5497}, author = {Kalafati{\'c}, Mirjana and Kovacevi{\'c}, Goran and Franjevi{\'c}, Damjan} } @article {1683, title = {Freshwater Triclad Planarians (Turbellaria) from Plummers Island, Maryland}, journal = {Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington}, volume = {15}, year = {2008}, note = {doi: 10.2988/0097-0298(2008)15[11:FTPTFP]2.0.CO;2}, month = {2008/05/01}, pages = {11 - 12}, publisher = {Biological Society of Washington}, abstract = {

Five species of freshwater triclad planarians were found on Plummers Island and the adjacent mainland property, Montgomery County, Maryland. One species (Dugesia [G.] tigrina) occupying the Potomac River and a tributary, is tolerant of degraded habitat. The other four occupy vernal pools (Hymanella retenuova and Phagocata velata) or spring-seeps (Phagocata morgani and Paraplanaria dactyligera) and appear to be indicators of high quality aquatic habitat. These five species represent 36\% of the total known Maryland fauna of 14 species.ABSTRACT Five species of freshwater triclad planarians were found on Plummers Island and the adjacent mainland property, Montgomery County, Maryland. One species (Dugesia [G.] tigrina) occupying the Potomac River and a tributary, is tolerant of degraded habitat. The other four occupy vernal pools (Hymanella retenuova and Phagocata velata) or spring-seeps (Phagocata morgani and Paraplanaria dactyligera) and appear to be indicators of high quality aquatic habitat. These five species represent 36\% of the total known Maryland fauna of 14 species.

}, isbn = {0097-0298}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2988/0097-0298(2008)15[11:FTPTFP]2.0.CO;2}, author = {Norden, Arnold W.} } @article {JZO:JZO609, title = {Morphological and biochemical variation in populations of Dugesia (G.) tigrina (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Paludicola) from the western Mediterranean: biogeographical and taxonomical implications}, journal = {Journal of Zoology}, volume = {218}, number = {4}, year = {1989}, pages = {609{\textendash}626}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, abstract = {

Dugesia (Girardia) tigrina is a Nearctic freshwater triclad native to North America, now amply distributed in most European countries as the result of a reportedly unique introduction into north-west Europe early this century and its dispersal southwards and eastwards in the last decades. All European populations described so far are externally spotted, with a pigmented pharynx, and, apart from two sexual populations recently described in England, they are fissiparous. This uniformity contrasts with the variability reported in its native area, thus supporting the hypothesis of a single introduction. However, thorough morphological, karyological and biochemical comparative studies of European populations have never been properly done.We have undertaken such a study comparing 24 populations present in a restricted area of the western Mediterranean. The results show an unexpectedly ample variation in external and pharyngeal pigmentation patterns, the presence of sexually reproducing populations, and ample variation in their biochemical patterns as revealed by isoelectric-focusing. This is an indication that European Dugesia (G.) tigrina is far more diverse than previously thought, suggesting that several, independent introductions from its native area have recently occurred, and the implications of these findings in biogeographical and taxonomic terms are discussed.

}, issn = {1469-7998}, doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7998.1989.tb05003.x}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1989.tb05003.x}, author = {Maria Ribas and Marta Riutort and Jaume Bagu{\~n}{\`a}} } @article {786, title = {A brief account of the fresh water species of Planariae inhabiting the United States}, journal = {Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History}, volume = {3}, year = {1850}, pages = {264-265}, url = {http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35741$\#$page/272/mode/1up}, author = {Charles Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Girard} } @article {667, title = {Induction of sexuality in the asexual form of Dugesia tigrina (Girard)}, journal = {Journal of Experimental Zoology}, volume = {87}, number = {1}, year = {1941}, month = {06/1941}, pages = {55-69}, doi = {10.1002/jez.1400870105}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jez.1400870105/abstract}, author = {Roman Kenk} } @article {351, title = {The fresh-water triclads of Michigan}, journal = {Miscellaneous publications / University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology}, volume = {60}, year = {1944}, pages = {1-44}, url = {http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/56305/MP060.pdf?sequence=1}, author = {Roman Kenk} } @article {763, title = {Thermal acclimation in the fresh water planarians, Dugesia tigrina and D. dorotocephala}, journal = {Hydrobiologia}, volume = {94}, year = {1982}, pages = {231-236}, author = {Dennis L. Claussen and Walters, L. M.} } @article {297, title = {Morphological stasis in an old and widespread group of species: Contribution to the taxonomy and biogeography of the genus Girardia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola)}, journal = {Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, year = {2005}, pages = {155-180}, doi = {10.1080/01650520500070220}, author = {Ronald Sluys and Masaharu Kawakatsu and Rodrigo Ponce de Le{\'o}n} } @article {749, title = {Morphometry of the eyes in regenerant of genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Dugesiidae)}, journal = {Brazilian journal of biology}, volume = {64}, year = {2004}, month = {02/2004}, pages = {1-9}, address = {Brazil}, abstract = {

The photodocumentation technique was used weekly to observe until the end of the regenerative process of eyes in three species of Dugesia. Morphometric data based on the measurement of 96 samples of the species: Dugesia tigrina, D. schubarti, and D. anderlani were analyzed. A comparative analysis was made through graphic representation of statistical parameters of the following morphometric characters: the length of the transversal and longitudinal axes of the macula alba, pigment spot, and ocular opening. An interesting feature appeared in D. schubarti: the average of ocular opening during the regenerative process is bigger than in the original samples.

}, issn = {1519-6984}, author = {N M de Campos-Velho and K A Lopes and Hauser, J.} } @article {659, title = {Chromosome polymorphism and complements in populations of Girardia species (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola) from Southern Brazil}, journal = {Brazilian Journal of Biology}, volume = {67}, number = {4, suppl.}, year = {2007}, month = {12/2007}, pages = {951-955}, abstract = {

The karyotypes of four species of freshwater triclads of the genus Girardia (Platyhelminthes), i.e. G. schubarti, G. tigrina, G. anderlani, and G. biapertura, from populations of different localities of the Rio Grande do Sul State, in southern Brazil, were analyzed. The karyotype of G. biapertura is presented for the first time. Three basic complements of 4, 8, and 9 chromosomes were found. Diploids, triploids, or mixoploids (2n/3n) specimens were frequently detected in these populations. The basic chromosomal complement of n = 9 was verified in two different species (G. biapertura and G. anderlani), presenting a large acrocentric chromosome which is rare in the family Dugesiidae. An intra and interspecific chromosomal variability was also detected and its evolutionary implications are discussed.

}, issn = {1519-6984}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842007000500021}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract\&pid=S1519-69842007000500021\&lng=en\&nrm=iso\&tlng=en}, author = {Benya, E. and Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria and Santos, W. H. and Hauser, J. and Erdtmann, B.} } @article {358, title = {Exotic freshwater planarians currently known from Japan}, journal = {Belgian Journal of Zoology}, volume = {140}, number = {Suppl.}, year = {2010}, month = {07/2010}, pages = {103-109}, abstract = {

{Biogeographical and taxonomic information on the four non-indigenous freshwater planarians of Japan is reviewed, viz. Dugesia austroasiatica Kawakatsu, 1985, Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850), G. dorotocephala (Woodworth, 1897), and Rhodax evelinae? Marcus, 1947. The occurrence of Girardia dorotocephala in Japan is unequivocally demonstrated. New karyological data are presented for populations of D. austroasiatica (chromosome complement: 2x=16

}, url = {http://www.naturalsciences.be/institute/associations/rbzs_website/bjz/back/pdf/BJZ_140_su/BJZ_RSluys.pdf}, author = {Ronald Sluys and Masaharu Kawakatsu and Kiyohiko Yamamoto} } @article {167, title = {Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from the Iberian Peninsula and Greece: diversity and notes on ecology}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {2779}, year = {2011}, month = {02/2011}, pages = {1-38}, author = {Miquel Vila-Farr{\'e} and Ronald Sluys and {\'I}o Almagro and Mette Handberg-Thorsager and Rafael Romero} }