@article {1797, title = {Preliminary descriptions of some Japanese Triclada}, journal = {Annotationes zoologicae japonenses / Nihon dōbutsugaku ihō}, volume = {9}, year = {1916}, pages = {153-171}, url = {http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/151938$\#$page/163/mode/1up}, author = {Isao Ijima and Toki{\"o} Kaburaki} } @article {755, title = {Report on the ecological survey of freshwater planarians in Kyoto city and its adjacent district, Honshu}, journal = {Japanese Journal of Ecology}, volume = {17}, number = {3}, year = {1967}, pages = {112-118}, abstract = {

In the vicinity of Kyoto City, 4 species of freshwater planarians, Dugesia japonica, Phagocata vivida, Phagocata kawakatsui and Bdellocephala brunnea, were found. D. japonica was most common in the stations both in the plain and the mountainous districts (below the altitude of about 950 m). P. vivida was rather common in the cold-water stations within the altitude range from about 120 to 950 m or more. P. kawakatsui was found only in a spring-fed stream in Kameoka City (Asahi-cho; the type locality of this species) and in a shallow well at Saga-tenryuji-chd in Kyoto City. A small population of B. brunnea was found in a large spring-fed stream at Nishioji-sichijo in Kyoto City (the southernmost locality of this species). This station is well known to biologists as the locality of the sexual race of D. japonica (the Nishioji stock). The type of the vertical distribution in the area surveyed is shown as J-JV-V (J; D japonica; V: P vivida). The 2 species of true lake-dwelling tri-clads, BdellocepEala annandalci and Dendrocoelopsis? sp. of Lake Biwa-ko, were recorded from the muddy bottom (35 to 50 m or more in depth) of the middle and northern parts of Lake Biwa-ko.

}, author = {Masaharu Kawakatsu and Ogawara, Genchu and Tarui, Yoshitsugu} } @article {839, title = {An illustrated list of japanese freshwater planarians in color}, journal = {Bulletin of Fuji Women{\textquoteright}s College}, volume = {7}, year = {1969}, pages = {45-91}, address = {Sapporo}, author = {Masaharu Kawakatsu} } @article {587, title = {Genetic Divergence of Japanese Turbellarians, Studied by Comparisons of Partial 18S rRNA Gene Sequences. I. On Representatives of Dendrocoelidae (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Paludicola)}, journal = {Zoological Science}, volume = {17}, number = {4}, year = {2000}, pages = {491-496}, abstract = {

This study obtained 18S rDNA sequence data to investigate the extent of genetic divergence in the Japanese dendrocoelid group, and applied the data to the estimation of phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy. The sequence data, consisting of 558 base positions in an aligned data set, were obtained by using the polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. For comparative analysis, the 18S rRNA gene sequence data on dendrocoelids from different distant geographical places (Europe, Lake Baikal in Siberia, Kamchatka) published previously were used. Such analysis showed that: (1) Bdellocephala species from Japan, Kamchatka and Lake Baikal are closely related ; (2) Japanese species classified within the genus Dendrocoelopsis do not form a single cluster of closely related organisms; (3) Dendrocoelopsis ichikawai differs minimally from Bdellocephala baicalensis (from Lake Baikal), reliably groups with all Bdellocephala, and should therefore be classed with this genus. Taxonomic conclusions. (1) The genus Dendrocoelopsis should be revised after molecular typification of European and American representatives. (2) The current generic status of D. ichikawai based on the presence of a well-developed penis papilla should be reconsidered. (3) Sequence divergence amongst representatives of B. brunnea indicates that representatives should be closely examined for the presence of morphological characters by which they might be distinguished.

}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/0289-0003(2000)17[491:GDOJTS]2.0.CO;2}, author = {Konstantin D. Kuznedelov and Sachiko Ishida and Shin-ichiro Nishitani} } @article {569, title = {Towards a phylogenetic classification of dendrocoelid freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes): a morphological and eclectic approach}, journal = {Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research}, volume = {44}, number = {4}, year = {2006}, month = {08/2006}, pages = {274{\textendash}284}, abstract = {

We explore and review the taxonomic distribution of morphological features that may be used as supporting apomorphies for the monophyletic status of various taxa in future, more comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the dendrocoelid freshwater planarians and their close relatives. Characters examined are: (i) musculature of the pharynx; (ii) anatomy of the eye; (iii) distribution of testis follicles along the longitudinal axis of the body; (iv) epidermis of the body wall; (v) musculature of the ventral body wall; (vi) presence or absence of a penis papilla; (vii) position of the mouth opening; and (viii) anterior adhesive organ. A phylogenetic hypothesis, in the form of a character state tree, is developed. This hypothesis suggests that the Kenkiidae should be resurrected as a separate family, sharing a sistergroup relationship with the Dendrocoelidae. This sistergroup relationship is supported by the shared presence of an apomorphic anterior adhesive organ. Although the shape of the anterior adhesive organ, both within and between kenkiids and dendrocoelids, may differ considerably between species, they are all constructed according to the same principles. The monophyly of the Kenkiidae is supported by the presence of an apomorphic thickening of the marginal zone of the epidermis and presumably also by the presence of prepharyngeal testes. Within the Kenkiidae, the genus Macrocotyla should be considered as a junior synonym of Kenkia, which is characterized by the presence of an apomorphic Ôplanariid pharynx-type 2Õ. The monophyly of the Dendrocoelidae is suggested by the presence of a dendrocoelid type of pharynx. It is shown that multicellular eye cups with numerous photoreceptor cells are not restricted to the Dugesiidae and the Terricola but are also characteristic for the Dendrocoelidae; the phylogenetic implications of this character state distribution are discussed. It is pointed out that in planarians there may be a relationship between: (i) body size, the size of an eye cup and the number of its constituent pigment cells; and (ii) the size of an eye cup and the number of photoreceptor cells that it contains. Some tentative phylogenetic groups are suggested on the basis of the following presumed apomorphic characters: presence of transverse fibres in the ventral subepidermal musculature, presence of an extra longitudinal muscle layer in the outer pharynx musculature, a mouth opening that has shifted anteriad. It is suggested that the presumed monophyly of the genus Bdellocephala is supported by the apomorphic absence of a penis papilla, combined with a penial lumen provided with many plicae.

}, doi = {10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00371.x}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00371.x/pdf}, author = {Ronald Sluys and Masaharu Kawakatsu} }