@article {1722, title = {Behavioral, morphological and histopathological effects of sublethal doses of quercetin on the species Polycelis felina (Dalyell)}, journal = {Folia Biol (Krakow)}, volume = {61}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, pages = {101-6}, abstract = {

The effect of quercetin was studied on the multi-eyed flatworm Polycelis felina (Daly.) in laboratory conditions. This is a very suitable test-organism available year-round in nature, easily maintained in the laboratory. The results showed that depending on the dose and recovery period quercetin caused locomotory (behavioral) changes in treated animals including aggregation in groups, resting and unsynchronized movements and twisting of particular body parts. Morphological changes in the form of depigmentation of certain body parts were the result of damage or deterioration ofreticular and parenchymal cells. Numerous basophilic bodies representing parts of damaged and decomposed cells were determined in the gastroderm between the third and seventh day after treatment. All histological preparations revealed significant deterioration of cellular material, and therefore a damaging effect of quercetin on the multi-eyed flatworm Polycelis felina (Daly.). We found an increased number of neoblasts and reticular cells on the third day after treatment, so we concluded that quercetin in the applied doses had a stimulating effect on cell division of neoblasts and reticular cells of treated flatworms.

}, keywords = {Animals, Behavior, Animal, Motor Activity, Platyhelminths, Quercetin}, issn = {0015-5497}, author = {Rajevi{\'c}, Nives and Matkovi{\'c}, Helena and Gregorovi{\'c}, Gordana and Kovacevi{\'c}, Goran and Knezovi{\'c}, Lejla and Kalafati{\'c}, Mirjana} } @article {1651, title = {Stem cell systems and regeneration in planaria}, volume = {223}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00427-012-0426-4}, author = {Rink, J. C.} } @article {1655, title = {Analysis of ciliary assembly and function in planaria}, volume = {525}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397944-5.00012-2}, author = {Rompolas, P. and Azimzadeh, J. and Marshall, W. F. and King, S. M.} } @article {1665, title = {The Cep63 paralogue Deup1 enables massive de novo centriole biogenesis for vertebrate multiciliogenesis}, volume = {15}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb2880}, author = {Zhao, H. and Zhu, L. and Zhu, Y. and Cao, J. and Li, S. and Huang, Q. and Xu, T. and Huang, X. and Yan, X. and Zhu, X.} } @article {1592, title = {Transcription factors lhx1/5-1 and pitx are required for the maintenance and regeneration of serotonergic neurons in planarians}, volume = {140}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.098590}, author = {Currie, K. W. and Pearson, B. J.} } @article {1598, title = {MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability}, volume = {30}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010}, author = {Katoh, K. and Standley, D. M.} } @article {1601, title = {In situ hybridization protocol for enhanced detection of gene expression in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea}, volume = {13}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-13-8}, author = {King, R. S. and Newmark, P. A.} } @article {1573, title = {Hox genes and region-specific sensorimotor circuit formation in the hindbrain and spinal cord}, volume = {242}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.24055}, author = {Bonito, M. and Glover, J. C. and Studer, M.} } @article {1589, title = {Muscle cells provide instructions for planarian regeneration}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2013.07.022}, author = {Witchley, J. N. and Mayer, M. and Wagner, D. E. and Owen, J. H. and Reddien, P. W.} } @article {1556, title = {Evolution of homeobox genes}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wdev.78}, author = {Holland, P. W.} } @article {1567, title = {The genome of the hydatid tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.2757}, author = {Zheng, H. and Zhang, W. and Zhang, L. and Zhang, Z. and Li, J. and Lu, G. and Zhu, Y. and Wang, Y. and Huang, Y. and Liu, J.} } @article {1521, title = {RNA interference by feeding in vitro-synthesized double-stranded RNA to planarians: methodology and dynamics}, volume = {242}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.23950}, author = {Rouhana, L. and Weiss, J. A. and Forsthoefel, D. J. and Lee, H. and King, R. S. and Inoue, T.} } @article {1532, title = {An automated training paradigm reveals long-term memory in planarians and its persistence through head regeneration}, volume = {216}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.087809}, author = {Shomrat, T. and Levin, M.} } @article {1533, title = {Cue competition effects in the planarian}, volume = {16}, year = {2013}, month = {2013//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-012-0561-3}, author = {Prados, J. and Alvarez, B. and Howarth, J. and Stewart, K. and Gibson, C. L. and Hutchinson, C. V.} } @article {483, title = {Integrative delineation of species of Mediterranean freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae)}, journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {169}, number = {3}, year = {2013}, month = {11/2013}, pages = {523{\textendash}547}, chapter = {523}, abstract = {

The paper presents an integrative taxonomic study on dugesiid freshwater flatworms from the north-eastern Mediterranean region by applying both morphological and molecular criteria in the formulation of stable species hypotheses. The morphological information obtained for the specimens was used in a traditional way by comparing the organismal traits of the various populations and candidate species with those of known species, as documented in the taxonomic literature and as revealed by examination of histological sections of museum specimens. In the molecular species delimitation the General Mixed Yule-Coalescent method (GMYC) was used. Results of this study (1) supported the presence of 13 Dugesia species in the Hellenic area (including D. sicula Lepori, 1948, a pan-Mediterranean species), (2) culminated in the description of four new Dugesia species, (3) suggested the presence of two Confirmed Candidate Species, (4) pointed to 12 GMYC-delimited units in Greece and two in Slovakia as Unconfirmed Candidate Species and (5) revealed the presence of an entirely new genus, represented by two newly described species and a third Unconfirmed Candidate Species. Our results revealed a high diversity of dugesiid species in this relatively small region. It is concluded that the morphological features used by taxonomists in comparative studies of dugesiid flatworms generally result in reliable identifications and delineations of species taxa, except in the case of cryptic species.

}, doi = {10.1111/zoj.12077}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zoj.12077/abstract}, author = {Ronald Sluys and Eduard Sol{\`a} and Gritzalis, Konstantinos and Miquel Vila-Farr{\'e} and Mateos, Eduardo and Marta Riutort} } @article {474, title = {Overview of life cycles in model species of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida)}, journal = {Italian Journal of Zoology}, volume = {80}, number = {3}, year = {2013}, month = {08/2013}, pages = {319-328}, chapter = {319}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/11250003.2013.822025$\#$.UjmNhT9F9ws}, author = {Giacinta Angela Stocchino and Manconi, Renata} } @article {479, title = {Subterranean Aquatic Planarians of Sardinia, with a Discussion on the Penial Flagellum and the Bursal Canal Sphincter in the Genus Dendrocoelum (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dendrocoelidae)}, journal = {Journal of Cave and Karst Studies}, volume = {75}, number = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {08/2013}, pages = {93-112}, chapter = {93}, issn = {1090-6924}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4311/2011LSC0252}, url = {http://www.caves.org/pub/journal/PDF/v75/cave-75-02-93.pdf}, author = {Giacinta Angela Stocchino and Ronald Sluys and Palolo Marcia and Manconi, Renata} } @article {471, title = {Integrative taxonomy of a new species of planarian from the Lake Ohrid basin, including an analysis of biogeographical patterns in freshwater triclads from the Ohrid region (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {313}, year = {2013}, month = {06/2013}, pages = {25-43}, url = {http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/5363/integrative-taxonomy-of-a-new-species-of-planarian-from-the-lake-ohrid-basin-including-an-analysis-of-biogeographical-pa}, author = {Giacinta Angela Stocchino and Ronald Sluys and Paolo Deri and Manconi, Renata} } @article {392, title = {An ultrastructural study of oogenesis and cell dynamics during cocoon shell secretion in the subterranean freshwater planarian Dendrocoelum constrictum (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)}, journal = {Tissue and Cell}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {02/2013}, pages = {39 - 46}, abstract = {

The ultrastructure of the ovary and the female atrium during cocoon formation was investigated in the subterranean freshwater planarian Dendrocoelum constrictum. In the peripheral portion of the ovary, the oogonia are recognized as undifferentiated germ cells, which are morphologically similar to neoblasts that have a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio. Oocyte maturation is characterized by a marked growth of the cytoplasm because of the accumulation of cytoplasmic organelles and inclusions. The Golgi complexes begin to increase within the ooplasm and produce vesicles with an electron-dense content that fuse to produce larger spherical globules with homogeneous and electron-dense material. In the mature oocyte, the spherical globules migrate toward the cortical ooplasm, forming a continuous monolayer. We confirm that these spherical globules, which represent cortical granules rather than eggshell globules, vary in size up to 2 \μm and their electron-dense content shows concentric thin bands. After leaving the ovary through the oviduct, the mature and fertilized oocytes reach the female atrium where they are packaged with thousands of vitelline cells in the cocoon shell. Based on our ultrastructural analysis, we demonstrate that the wall of the cocoon shell is composed of two layers, each of which has a different origin. The shell granules extruded from the vitelline cells are involved in the secretion of the inner layer of the cocoon shell, whereas the outer layer of the cocoon shell is synthesized by the epithelial cells in the genital atrium.

}, keywords = {Cocoon, Cortical granules, Dendrocoelum constrictum, Oogenesis, Turbellarian, Ultrastructure}, isbn = {0040-8166}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040816612000845}, author = {Harrath, A. H. and Ahmed, M. and Sayed, S.R. and Saifi, M.A. and Alwasel, S.H.} } @article {524, title = {Dugesia sicula (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida): the colonizing success of an asexual Planarian}, journal = {BMC Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {13}, year = {2013}, chapter = {268}, abstract = {

Background Dugesia sicula is the only species of its genus not presenting an endemic or restricted distribution within the Mediterranean area. It mostly comprises fissiparous populations (asexual reproduction by body division and regeneration), most likely sexually sterile, and characterized by an extremely low genetic diversity interpreted as the consequence of a recent anthropic expansion. However, its fissiparous reproduction can result in an apparent lack of diversity within the species, since genetic variation within individuals can be as large as between them because most individuals within a population are clones. We have estimated haplotype and nucleotide diversity of cytochrome oxidase I within and among individuals along the species distribution of a broad sample of D. sicula, including asexual and the two only sexual populations known today; and predicted its potential distribution based on climatic variables. Our aim was to determine the centre of colonisation origin, whether the populations are recent, and whether the species is expanding. Results The species presents 3 most frequent haplotypes, differing in a maximum of 11 base pairs. As expected from their fissiparous mode of reproduction, in half of all the analysed localities many individuals have multiple heteroplasmic haplotypes. The distribution of haplotypes is not geographically structured; however, the distribution of haplotypes and heteroplasmic populations shows higher diversity in the central Mediterranean region. The potential distribution predicted by climatic variables based modelling shows a preference for coastal areas and fits well with the observed data. Conclusions The distribution and frequency of the most frequent haplotypes and the presence of heteroplasmic individuals allow us to gain an understanding of the recent history of the species, together with previous knowledge on its phylogenetic relationships and age: The species most probably originated in Africa and dispersed through the central Mediterranean. After one or multiple populations became triploid and fissiparous, the species colonized the Mediterranean basin, likely both by its own means and helped by human activities. Its present distribution practically fulfils its potential distribution as modelled with climatic variables. Its prevalence in coastal regions with higher water temperatures predicts a likely future expansion to northern and more interior areas following the increase in temperatures due to climate change.

}, doi = {doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-268}, url = {http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2148-13-268.pdf}, author = {Eva M. L{\'a}zaro and Marta Riutort} } @article {521, title = {Feeding, maintenance and reproduction of Microplana terrestris (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Continenticola: Geoplaninae: Microplaninae) under laboratory conditions.}, journal = {Journal of Natural History}, year = {2013}, pages = {1-34}, doi = {10.1080/00222933.2013.809169}, author = {McDonald, J. C. and Jones, H. D.} } @article {476, title = {Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: proposal of taxonomic actions}, journal = {Zoologica Scripta}, volume = {42}, number = {5}, year = {2013}, pages = {508-528}, author = {Carbayo, Fernando and Marta {\'A}lvarez-Presas and Olivares, Cl{\'a}udia T. and Marques, Fernando P. L. and Froehlich, Eud{\'o}xia and M. Riutort, Marta} } @article {767, title = {A new species of land planarian, Diporodemus merridithae, and cohabitant specimens from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina, U.S.A.}, journal = {Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science}, volume = {129}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, pages = {1-8}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7572/2167-5880-129.1.1}, author = {Glasgow, BC} } @article {728, title = {A new species of Supramontana Carbayo \& Leal-Zanchet (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola, Geoplanidae) from the Interior Atlantic Forest}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {3753}, number = {2}, year = {2013}, chapter = {177}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.3753.2.7}, author = {NEGRETE, LISANDRO and Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria and BRUSA, FRANCISCO} } @article {473, title = {Reactivating head regrowth in a regeneration-deficient planarian species}, journal = {Nature}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Species capable of regenerating lost body parts occur throughout the animal kingdom, yet close relatives are often regeneration incompetent. Why in the face of \‘survival of the fittest\’ some animals regenerate but others do not remains a fascinating question. Planarian flatworms are well known and studied for their ability to regenerate from minute tissue pieces, yet species with limited regeneration abilities have been described even amongst planarians4. Here we report the characterization of the regeneration defect in the planarian Dendrocoelum lacteum and its successful rescue. Tissue fragments cut from the posterior half of the body of this species are unable to regenerate a head and ultimately die5. We find that this defect originates during the early stages of head specification, which require inhibition of canonical Wnt signalling in other planarian species. Notably, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of Dlac-\β-catenin-1, the Wnt signal transducer, restored the regeneration of fully functional heads on tail pieces, rescuing D. lacteum\’s regeneration defect. Our results demonstrate the utility of comparative studies towards the reactivation of regenerative abilities in regeneration-deficient animals. Furthermore, the availability of D. lacteum as a regeneration-impaired planarian model species provides a first step towards elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms that ultimately determine why some animals regenerate and others do not.

}, doi = {10.1038/nature12414}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature12414.html}, author = {S.-Y. Liu and C. Selck and B. Friedrich and R. Lutz and Miquel Vila-Farr{\'e} and A. Dahl and H. Brandl and N. Lakshmanaperumal and I. Henry and J. C. Rink} } @article {472, title = {Reproductive Strategies, Karyology, Parasites, and Taxonomic Status of Dugesia Populations from Yemen (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae)}, journal = {Zoological Science}, volume = {30}, number = {6}, year = {2013}, pages = {502-508}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.30.502}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2108/zsj.30.502?url_ver=Z39.88-2003\&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org\&rfr_dat=cr_pub\%3dpubmed}, author = {Harrath, Abdul Halim and Ronald Sluys and Waleed Aldahmash and Abdulkarim Al-Razaki and Saleh Alwasel} } @article {523, title = {Telomeric DNA length and phylogenetic relationship of Baikal and Siberian planarians (Turbellaria, Tricladida)}, journal = {Cell and Tissue Biology}, volume = {7}, number = {4}, year = {2013}, pages = {369-374}, abstract = {

Dynamics of the telomeric DNA (tDNA) length and the phylogeny of Baikal and Siberian planarians have been studied based on analysis of 18S rDNA and \β-actin gene fragments. It was shown that there is a relationship between tDNA length and planarian size. Giant planarians, with a minor exception, have longer tDNA than do smaller planarians. Phylogenetic affinity between species that have stretched tracks of tDNA, large sizes, and similar habitats denotes the possible role of tDNA in the development of the high regenerative capacity of planarians.

}, doi = {10.1134/S1990519X13040081}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134\%2FS1990519X13040081}, author = {Koroleva, A. G. and Evtushenko, E. V. and Timoshkin, O.A. and Vershinin, A. V. and Kirilchik, S. V.} } @article {522, title = {Turbellarian assemblages in freshwater lagoons in southern Brazil}, journal = {Invertebrate Biology}, year = {2013}, pages = {1-10}, doi = {10.1111/ivb.12032}, author = {Braccini, J. A. L. and Leal-Zanchet, A. M.} } @article {477, title = {Vermipharyngiella unica gen. et sp. n. (Plathelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola), a new planarian genus and species from Lake Baikal with peculiar pharyngeal structure}, journal = {Zoological Journal}, volume = {92}, year = {2013}, pages = {167-176}, chapter = {167}, abstract = {

An illustrated description of a new monotypical genus of endemic Baikal planarians, Vermipharyngiella gen. et sp. n., is provided. The representatives of the new genus differ from those of all other known freshwater planarian genera by a very unusual structure of the pharynx. There are three wellseparated, compactly arranged muscular layers in the wall of the pharyngeal canal: subepithelial circular, medial longitudinal and inner circular. Such arrangement of the muscular layers has not been found in any of four freshwater triclad families known. The problem of the attribution of the new genus to one of these families is discussed.

}, doi = {10.7868/S0044513413020141}, url = {http://lin.irk.ru/pdf/12150.pdf}, author = {Porfiriev, A. G. and Timoshkin, O.A.} } @article {312, title = {Fluvial basin history in the northeastern Mediterranean region underlies dispersal and speciation patterns in the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae)}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {66}, year = {2013}, month = {2013/3//}, pages = {877 - 888}, abstract = {

In this study we analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of eastern Mediterranean freshwater planarians of the genus Dugesia, estimated divergence times for the various clades, and correlated their phylogeographic patterns with geological and paleoclimatic events, in order to discover which evolutionary processes have shaped the present-day distribution of these animals. Specimens were collected from freshwater courses and lakes in continental and insular Greece. Genetic divergences and phylogenetic relationships were inferred by using the mitochondrial gene subunit I of cytochrome oxidase (COI) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) from 74 newly collected individuals from Greece. Divergence time estimates were obtained under a Bayesian framework, using the COI sequences. Two alternative geological dates for the isolation of Crete from the mainland were tested as calibration points. A clear phylogeographic pattern was present for Dugesia lineages in the Eastern Mediterranean. Morphological data, combined with information on genetic divergences, revealed that eight out of the nine known species were represented in the samples, while additional new, and still undescribed species were detected. Divergence time analyses suggested that Dugesia species became isolated in Crete after the first geological isolation of the island, and that their present distribution in the Eastern Mediterranean has been shaped mainly by vicariant events but also by dispersal. During the Messinian salinity crisis these freshwater planarians apparently were not able to cross the sea barrier between Crete and the mainland, while they probably did disperse between islands in the Aegean Sea. Their dependence on freshwater to survive suggests the presence of contiguous freshwater bodies in those regions. Our results also suggest a major extinction of freshwater planarians on the Peloponnese at the end of the Pliocene, while about 2 Mya ago, when the current Mediterranean climate was established, these Peloponnese populations probably began to disperse again. At the end of the Pliocene or during the Pleistocene, mainland populations of Dugesia colonized the western coast, including the Ionian Islands, which were then part of the continent.

}, keywords = {Aegean, Biogeography, COI, Divergence times, Freshwater planarians, ITS-1, Molecular clock, Phylogeography}, isbn = {1055-7903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.010}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790312004423}, author = {Eduard Sol{\`a} and Ronald Sluys and Gritzalis, Konstantinos and Marta Riutort} }