@article {1720, title = {Ameliorating effect of chloride on nitrite toxicity to freshwater invertebrates with different physiology: a comparative study between amphipods and planarians}, journal = {Arch Environ Contam Toxicol}, volume = {54}, year = {2008}, month = {2008 Feb}, pages = {259-65}, abstract = {

High nitrite concentrations in freshwater ecosystems may cause toxicity to aquatic animals. These living organisms can take nitrite up from water through their chloride cells, subsequently suffering oxidation of their respiratory pigments (hemoglobin, hemocyanin). Because NO(2)(-) and Cl(-) ions compete for the same active transport site, elevated chloride concentrations in the aquatic environment have the potential of reducing nitrite toxicity. Although this ameliorating effect is well documented in fish, it has been largely ignored in wild freshwater invertebrates. The aim of this study was to compare the ameliorating effect of chloride on nitrite toxicity to two species of freshwater invertebrates differing in physiology: Eulimnogammarus toletanus (amphipods) and Polycelis felina (planarians). The former species presents gills (with chloride cells) and respiratory pigments, whereas in the latter species these are absent. Test animals were exposed in triplicate for 168 h to a single nitrite concentration (5 ppm NO(2)-N for E. toletanus and 100 ppm NO(2)-N for P. felina) at four different environmental chloride concentrations (27.8, 58.3, 85.3, and 108.0 ppm Cl(-)). The number of dead animals and the number of affected individuals (i.e., number of dead plus inactive invertebrates) were monitored every day. LT(50) (lethal time) and ET(50) (effective time) were estimated for each species and each chloride concentration. LT(50) and ET(50) values increased with increases in the environmental chloride concentration, mainly in amphipods. Results clearly show that the ameliorating effect of chloride on nitrite toxicity was more significant in amphipods than in planarians, likely because of the absence of gills (with chloride cells) and respiratory pigments in P. felina. Additionally, this comparative study indicates that the ecological risk assessment of nitrite in freshwater ecosystems should take into account not only the most sensitive and key species in the communities, but also chloride levels in the aquatic environment.

}, keywords = {Amphipoda, Animals, Chlorides, Lethal Dose 50, Nitrites, planarians, Water Pollutants, Chemical}, issn = {0090-4341}, doi = {10.1007/s00244-007-9034-0}, author = {Alonso, A and Camargo, J A} } @article {1683, title = {Freshwater Triclad Planarians (Turbellaria) from Plummers Island, Maryland}, journal = {Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington}, volume = {15}, year = {2008}, note = {doi: 10.2988/0097-0298(2008)15[11:FTPTFP]2.0.CO;2}, month = {2008/05/01}, pages = {11 - 12}, publisher = {Biological Society of Washington}, abstract = {

Five species of freshwater triclad planarians were found on Plummers Island and the adjacent mainland property, Montgomery County, Maryland. One species (Dugesia [G.] tigrina) occupying the Potomac River and a tributary, is tolerant of degraded habitat. The other four occupy vernal pools (Hymanella retenuova and Phagocata velata) or spring-seeps (Phagocata morgani and Paraplanaria dactyligera) and appear to be indicators of high quality aquatic habitat. These five species represent 36\% of the total known Maryland fauna of 14 species.ABSTRACT Five species of freshwater triclad planarians were found on Plummers Island and the adjacent mainland property, Montgomery County, Maryland. One species (Dugesia [G.] tigrina) occupying the Potomac River and a tributary, is tolerant of degraded habitat. The other four occupy vernal pools (Hymanella retenuova and Phagocata velata) or spring-seeps (Phagocata morgani and Paraplanaria dactyligera) and appear to be indicators of high quality aquatic habitat. These five species represent 36\% of the total known Maryland fauna of 14 species.

}, isbn = {0097-0298}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2988/0097-0298(2008)15[11:FTPTFP]2.0.CO;2}, author = {Norden, Arnold W.} } @article {1590, title = {Smed-betacatenin-1 is required for anteroposterior blastema polarity in planarian regeneration}, volume = {319}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1149943}, author = {Petersen, C. P. and Reddien, P. W.} } @article {1597, title = {HomeoDB: a database of homeobox gene diversity}, volume = {10}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2008.00266.x}, author = {Zhong, Y. F. and Butts, T. and Holland, P. W.} } @article {1604, title = {SmedGD: the Schmidtea mediterranea genome database}, volume = {36}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, author = {Robb, S. M. and Ross, E. and Alvarado, A. S.} } @article {1577, title = {Beta-catenin defines head versus tail identity during planarian regeneration and homeostasis}, volume = {319}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1150029}, author = {Gurley, K. A. and Rink, J. C. and Alvarado, A. S.} } @article {1580, title = {Acoel development indicates the independent evolution of the bilaterian mouth and anus}, volume = {456}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07309}, author = {Hejnol, A. and Martindale, M. Q.} } @article {1586, title = {Silencing of Smed-betacatenin1 generates radial-like hypercephalized planarians}, volume = {135}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.020289}, author = {Iglesias, M. and Gomez-Skarmeta, J. L. and Salo, E. and Adell, T.} } @article {1553, title = {Hox genes and the parasitic flatworms: new opportunities, challenges and lessons from the free-living}, volume = {57}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2007.09.007}, author = {Olson, P. D.} } @article {1565, title = {Evo-devo: variations on ancestral themes}, volume = {132}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.003}, author = {Robertis, E. M.} } @article {1524, title = {Characterization of tyramine beta-hydroxylase in planarian Dugesia japonica: cloning and expression}, volume = {53}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2008.09.006}, author = {Nishimura, K. and Kitamura, Y. and Inoue, T. and Umesono, Y. and Yoshimoto, K. and Taniguchi, T.} } @article {1528, title = {Identification of glutamic acid decarboxylase gene and distribution of GABAergic nervous system in the planarian Dugesia japonica}, volume = {153}, year = {2008}, month = {2008//}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.03.026}, author = {Nishimura, K. and Kitamura, Y. and Umesono, Y. and Takeuchi, K. and Takata, K. and Taniguchi, T.} } @article {9, title = {Molecular phylogeny of land and freshwater planarians (Tricladida, Platyhelminthes): from freshwater to land and back}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {47}, number = {2}, year = {2008}, month = {05/2008}, pages = {555-568}, chapter = {555}, abstract = {

The suborder Tricladida (phylum Platyhelminthes) comprises the well-known free-living flatworms, taxonomically grouped into three infraorders according to their ecology: Maricola (marine planarians), Paludicola (freshwater planarians), and Terricola (land planarians). Molecular analyses have demonstrated that the Paludicola are paraphyletic, the Terricola being the sister group of one of the three paludicolan families, the Dugesiidae. However, neither 18S rDNA nor COI based trees have been able to resolve the relationships among species of Terricola and Dugesiidae, particularly the monophyly of Terricola. Here, we present new molecular data including sequences of nuclear genes (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA) and a mitochondrial gene (COI) of a wider sample of dugesiid and terricolan species. The new sequences have been analyzed, together with those previously obtained, in independent and concatenated analyses using maximum likelihood and bayesian methods. The results show that, although some parts of the trees remain poorly resolved, they support a monophyletic origin for Terricola followed by a likely return of some species to freshwater habitats. Relationships within the monophyletic group of Dugesiidae are clearly resolved, and relationships among some terricolan subfamilies are also clearly established and point to the need for a thorough revision of Terricola taxonomy.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.032}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790308000390}, author = {Marta {\'A}lvarez-Presas and Jaume Bagu{\~n}{\`a} and Marta Riutort} } @article {35, title = {A new species of land planarian of Gigantea Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from Colombia, with taxonomic remarks on the genus}, journal = {Italian Journal of Zoology}, volume = {75}, number = {1}, year = {2008}, month = {05/2008}, pages = {85-95}, chapter = {85}, issn = {1125-0003}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/11250000701693255}, author = {Carbayo, F.} } @article {289, title = {Composi{\c c}{\~a}o das comunidades de plan{\'a}rias terrestres (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) em duas {\'a}reas de floresta estacional semidecidual do sul do Brasil}, journal = {Neotropical Biology and Conservation}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, year = {2008}, pages = {34-38}, chapter = {34}, abstract = {

Studies on land planarian community structure and composition have been done mainly in areas of mixed and dense ombrophilous forest in southern Brazil. In the present paper, we analyzed land planarian community composition in areas of semi-caducifolius forest of the State Park of Itapu\ã (SP-Itapu\ã) and the Campus of the University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), in the northeast of Rio Grande do Sul. We registered 20 species, two of them belonging to the family Rhynchodemidae (Rhynchodeminae), one to the genus Rhynchodemus Leidy, 1851 and the other to the genus Dolichoplana Moseley, 1877, and 18 to the family Geoplanidae (Geoplaninae). The latter are distributed in the genera Geoplana Stimpson, 1857, Notogynaphallia Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990, and Pasipha Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990, as well as in the collective group Pseudogeoplana Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990. The genus Geoplana, with 7 species, showed the highest species richness. We observed 9 and 13 species, respectively, in the Campus of the UNISINOS and SP-Itapu\ã, with two species, Notogynaphallia abundans (Graff, 1899) and Geoplana gaucha Froehlich, 1959, common to both areas. The similarity between these two areas was low (0.1). The known distribution of Dolichoplana carvalhoi Correa, 1947, until now only known from its type-locality, the city of S\ão Paulo, is thus amplified.

}, author = {Antunes, M. B. and Marques, D. I. L. and Leal-Zanchet, Ana M.} } @article {springerlink:10.1007/s00412-008-0148-6, title = {Production of diploid and triploid offspring by inbreeding of the triploid planarian Dugesia ryukyuensis}, journal = {Chromosoma}, volume = {117}, year = {2008}, note = {10.1007/s00412-008-0148-6}, pages = {289-296}, publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg}, abstract = {

Triploidy has generally been considered to be an evolutionary dead end due to problems of chromosomal pairing and segregation during meiosis. Thus, the formation of tetraploids and diploids from triploid types is a rare phenomenon. In the present study, we demonstrated that inbreeding of the triploid planarian Dugesia ryukyuensis resulted in both diploid and triploid offspring in nature. In the triploids of D. ryukyuensis , chiasmata between homologous chromosomes were observed in both female and male germ lines. This result suggests that both diploid and triploid offspring of this species are produced bisexually by zygotic fusion between sperm and eggs. Hence, this phenomenon may be a novel mechanism in planarian for escaping the triploid state.

}, issn = {0009-5915}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-008-0148-6}, author = {Kobayashi, Kazuya and Ishizu, Hirotsugu and Arioka, Sachiko and Padilla Cabrera, Jocelyn and Hoshi, Motonori and Matsumoto, Midori} } @article {28, title = {Molecular and morphological evidence for two new species of terrestrial planarians of the genus Microplana (Platyhelminthes; Turbellaria; Tricladida; Terricola) from Europe}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {1945}, year = {2008}, month = {28 Nov. 2008}, pages = {1-38}, chapter = {1}, author = {Hugh D. Jones and Jillian C. McDonald and Webster, Bonnie L. and Littlewood, Timothy D.J.} } @article {47, title = {Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species}, journal = {Zootaxa}, number = {1739}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {1-20}, chapter = {1}, author = {Vila-Farre, M. and Mateos, E. and Sluys, R. and Romero, R.} }