02052nas a2200193 4500008004000000020001400040245013500054210006900189300000800258520140500266653001101671653001301682653002201695653001301717653001701730653002001747100001901767856007201786 0 engd a1084-952100aPlanarian regeneration between 1960s and 1990s: From skilful baffled ancestors to bold integrative descendants. A personal account0 aPlanarian regeneration between 1960s and 1990s From skilful baff a - 3 aAbstractScientific fields grow by accretion of knowledge brought up by succesive generations of scientists. With the field of planarian regeneration as a general background, here I give a personal account of it from the late 1960s until the late 1990s when new research groups, namely Americans, broke into it. After a short historical summary, I report how I got into regeneration, why I choose planarians, and most especially the finding and description of the current model organism Schmidtea mediterranea. Next, I concentrate on the quantitative cellular approaches to regeneration, growth, and degrowth undertaken in our lab in Barcelona, and the long struggle to set neoblasts as a totipotent/pluripotent heterogeneous population of mitotic and non-mitotic cells for homeostatic somatic cell renewal, reproduction, and blastema formation during regeneration. Finally, the first attempts by several labs to analyze regeneration in molecular terms (RNAs, proteins, mAbs, gene detection, cloning and expression) are also covered. Along this essay, I am honoured to pay due tribute to our forebears (ancestors) from Morgan and Child to the French School researchers. In spite of being often baffled by planarian ‘tricks’, they struggled hard to find new techniques, new ways, and new ideas to tackle the main problems of regeneration, paving the way to those (descendants) that followed suit. 10aGrowth10aNeoblast10aPattern formation10aplanaria10aregeneration10aS. mediterranea1 aBAGUÑA, JAUME uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S108495211730199400834nas a2200121 4500008004100000245006300041210006000104300001000164490000700174520044400181100001800625856006900643 1989 eng d00aSperm resorption in triclads (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)0 aSperm resorption in triclads Platyhelminthes Tricladida a89-950 v153 a

Triclads use the excess of spermatozoa received from the partner during copulation as an additional source of nutritive material. Digestion of sperm takes place in various sperm resorptive organs, such as the copulatory bursa, lateral bursae, spermiduct, resorptive vesicles, and oviducal tubae. Sperm resorptive organs may concern either newly evolved organs, or result from a change of function in an already existing structure.

1 aSluys, Ronald uhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07924259.1989.967202801758nas a2200157 4500008004100000020001400041245012400055210006900179260003500248300001400283490000800297520119400305100002301499700002101522856005701543 1979 eng d a1469-799800aPredation on snails by three species of triclad and its bearing on the distribution of Planaria torva in Britain0 aPredation on snails by three species of triclad and its bearing  bBlackwell Publishing Ltdc1979 a459 - 4840 v1893 a

Dugesia polychroa, D. lugubris and Planaria torva preyed upon snails of differing morphologies and while the Dugesia spp. fed approximately in proportion to snail abundance, PL torva was more selective on Potamopyrgus jenkinsi. The incidence of feeding on four snail taxa by the Dugesia spp. was significantly correlated and differed strikingly from that of PI. torva where feeding was related to its annual life cycle. Large peaks of feeding coincided in the Dugesia spp. for the four snail types; this was attributed to snail vulnerability being increased by environmental disturbance. Comparison of feeding by Dugesia spp. in the presence and absence of PI. torva indicated that severe competition was occurring for food with PI. torva having a food refuge in P. jenkinsi. The distribution of PI. torva in Britain is largely confined to productive habitats in the Glasgow-Edinburgh and East Anglia regions. It is concluded that historical rather than ecological events have played the major part in its distribution to date. The strong association of PL torva with port areas and the canal system suggests that it is a recent introduction via the timber trade with Fennoscania.

1 aReynoldson, T., B.1 aPiearce, Bronwen uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03974.x02189nas a2200157 4500008004100000020001400041245010300055210007000158260003500228300001400263490000600277520164900283100002301932700001901955856005701974 1976 eng d a1365-242700aThe food of Planaria torva (Müller) (Turbellaria-Tricladida), a laboratory and field study0 afood of iPlanaria torvai Müller TurbellariaTricladida a laborato bBlackwell Publishing Ltdc1976 a383 - 3930 v63 a

The food of Planaria torva was examined in the laboratory by exposing a range of potential prey to the triclad and observing prey mortality. Under these conditions P. torva fed mainly upon tubificid oligochaetes and gastropods. The former activity was regarded as untypical of the field situation and due to limitations of the laboratory habitat. The food of P. torva was determined in the field by taking monthly samples from October 1967 to May 1969 of a population living in Linlithgow Loch, West Lothian, Scotland. A serological technique was used to examine the gut contents of the field triclads. For reasons explained in the text, the prey organisms tested for serologically were gastropods, oligochaetes (Tubificidae), Asellus and chironomid larvae. Planaria torva fed most extensively on Gastropoda, Asellus was the second main food while Tubificidae and Chironomidae were taken only seasonally and in small numbers. The limited extent of feeding on tubificids supports the laboratory data. Small P. torva gave proportionately fewer positive reactions to the prey antisera than large individuals. This was explained by the fact that small individuals occurred most frequently in the warmer months and took smaller meals; both of these features shorten the detection period of food in the gut and therefore give fewer reactions. The diet of small and large P. torva was similar in the field and showed considerable overlap with that of Dugesia polychroa. The food of Polycelis tenuis, Dendrocoelum lacteum and Dugesia polychroa in Linlithgow Loch was described on an annual basis and the results confirmed earlier observations.

1 aReynoldson, T., B.1 aSEFTON, A., D. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1976.tb01623.x00693nas a2200205 4500008004100000020001400041245002700055210002700082260004900109300001100158490000600169520016400175653001200339653001300351653001700364653003000381653001400411100001900425856004300444 2014 eng d a2050-084X00aGenes for regeneration0 aGenes for regeneration beLife Sciences Publications, Ltdc2014/04/15 ae025170 v33 aFoxA, an evolutionarily conserved gene involved in the development of the digestive system in many animals, has an important role in regeneration in flatworms.10aPharynx10aplanaria10aregeneration10asingle-organ regeneration10astem cell1 aRossant, Janet uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.0251700824nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210007000134260001200204300001200216490000600228520037700234100002600611856004100637 1994 eng d a1720-077600aAnnotations on the reproductive biology of Planaria torva (Müller)0 aAnnotations on the reproductive biology of iPlanaria torvai Müll c03/1994 a59–610 v53 a

Planaria torva is a fresh-water triclad reproducing only sexually. Investigations accomplished on a laboratory strain derived from a single specimen have shown that this planarian belongs to the iteroparous species. Moreover, the animals have shown a peculiar reproductive characteristic, namely, a high production of cocoons, most of which, however, are sterile.

1 aBenazzi, Socio, Mario uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0300143601875nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245013300055210006900188260002900257300001300286490000800299520128400307100001801591700002301609700001601632856005701648 1969 eng d a1469-799800aThe taxonomy, habitat and distribution of the freshwater triclad Planaria torva (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) in Britain0 ataxonomy habitat and distribution of the freshwater triclad iPla bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a99–1230 v1573 a

Planaria torva was described originally by O. F. Müller in 1774 under the generic name Fasciola. The synonyms arising since have been critically evaluated and the many varied morphological descriptions of this species are reviewed. The identity of this species in Britain has been confirmed by detailed examination of external and internal anatomy and it is shown that Planaria torfrida, described from Britain by Perkins (1928), is a synonym of Planaria torva. Dugesia lugubris (Schmidt, 1862) is the species most likely to be confused with Planaria torva and convenient methods of separating these species are described. The validity of all available British records has been examined and new localities described. Planaria torva occurs in England, Scotland and Ireland but has a markedly discontinuous distribution. There are real concentrations of habitats in the Edinburgh and Glasgow areas where the species also forms a larger proportion of the triclad population than usual. The species is markedly eurytopic and occurs in a wide range of lotic and lentic habitats, although most of them are calcium rich by British standards. It is not yet possible to offer a sound explanation for these facts because the ecology of Planaria torva is insufficiently known.

1 aBall, Ian, R.1 aReynoldson, T., B.1 aWarwick, T. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01691.x02142nas a2200205 4500008004100000020002300041245007500064210006900139260004000208300001600248490000700264520149300271100001901764700001801783700002401801700001901825700001501844700002001859856005701879 2016 eng d a0305-10481362-496200aPlanMine – a mineable resource of planarian biology and biodiversity0 aPlanMine a mineable resource of planarian biology and biodiversi bOxford University Pressc2016/01/04 aD764 - D7730 v443 a

Planarian flatworms are in the midst of a renaissance as a model system for regeneration and stem cells. Besides two well-studied model species, hundreds of species exist worldwide that present a fascinating diversity of regenerative abilities, tissue turnover rates, reproductive strategies and other life history traits. PlanMine (http://planmine.mpi-cbg.de/) aims to accomplish two primary missions: First, to provide an easily accessible platform for sharing, comparing and value-added mining of planarian sequence data. Second, to catalyze the comparative analysis of the phenotypic diversity amongst planarian species. Currently, PlanMine houses transcriptomes independently assembled by our lab and community contributors. Detailed assembly/annotation statistics, a custom-developed BLAST viewer and easy export options enable comparisons at the contig and assembly level. Consistent annotation of all transcriptomes by an automated pipeline, the integration of published gene expression information and inter-relational query tools provide opportunities for mining planarian gene sequences and functions. For inter-species comparisons, we include transcriptomes of, so far, six planarian species, along with images, expert-curated information on their biology and pre-calculated cross-species sequence homologies. PlanMine is based on the popular InterMine system in order to make the rich biology of planarians accessible to the general life sciences research community.

1 aBrandl, Holger1 aMoon, HongKee1 aVila-Farré, Miquel1 aLiu, Shang-Yun1 aHenry, Ian1 aRink, Jochen, C uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702831/00497nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260001200255300001200267490000700279100001900286856005800305 1928 eng d a0372-938900aDer genitalapparat der tricladen und seine beziehungen zu ihrer allgemeinen morphologie, phylogenie, ökologie und verbreitung0 aDer genitalapparat der tricladen und seine beziehungen zu ihrer  c09/1928 a570-6120 v111 aMeixner, Josef uhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF0242458700437nas a2200121 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137300001000206490000700216100001800223700002200241856005200263 1978 eng d00aThe phyletic status of the genus Planaria (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Tricladida)0 aphyletic status of the genus iPlanariai Platyhelminthes Turbella a29-340 v481 aBall, Ian, R.1 aGourbault, Nicole uhttps://continenticola.myspecies.info/node/136300376nas a2200085 4500008004100000245008400041210006900125100001600194856008000210 1978 eng d00aThe planarians (Turbellaria: Tricladida, Paludicola) of Lake Ohrid in Macedonia0 aplanarians Turbellaria Tricladida Paludicola of Lake Ohrid in Ma1 aKenk, Roman uhttp://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Zoology/pdf_hi/SCTZ-0280.pdf