02974nas a2200265   4500008004100000020001400041245015200055210006900207260001300276300001000289490000800299520213900307653001402446653002502460653000902485653001802494653001202512653002802524100001702552700001702569700001502586700001902601700001702620856007102637       2016                        eng d  a0147-651300aComparative sensitivity of aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate species to wastewater from an operational coal mine in central Queensland, Australia0 aComparative sensitivity of aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate s  c2016/7//  a1 - 90 v1293 aAbstractCoal excavation and refinement processes generate substantial volumes of contaminated effluent that may be detrimental to aquatic ecosystems. As such, understanding the impacts of coal mine water releases on aquatic animals and ecosystems is essential for effectively managing and protecting neighboring environments. Such information will ultimately be applied towards developing ongoing monitoring strategies that are protective of native wildlife. Despite intensive mining operations in Australia, few studies have documented toxicity associated with coal mine wastewater (CMW) on native species. To address existing knowledge gaps, we investigated acute toxicity (48–96 h) using eight native invertebrate species and sub-chronic effects (2 week) using three vertebrate species following exposure to wastewater from two dams (CMW1 and CMW2) located at an open-cut coal mine licensed to discharge into the Fitzroy catchment (Queensland, Australia). Wastewater from these sites is characterized by elevated conductivity, pH, sulfates as well as relatively high total and dissolved metal(loid)s (including As, Al, B, Cu, Mn, Ni, Se and Zn). Acute exposures revealed cladocerans (Daphnia carinata) and planarians (Dugesia sp.) to be the most sensitive species, exhibiting significant mortality after 48 and 96 h exposure to CMW2, respectively. Neither wastewater was found to elicit acute toxicity in vertebrates, but a range of sub-lethal morphological effects were observed following the sub-chronic exposures. The overall response pattern was characterized by decreased condition factor and hepatosomatic index in the fish Hypseleotris compressa and Pseudomugil signifier, and in Limnodynastes peronii tadpoles. Tadpoles were generally more sensitive compared to the two fish species. Differences in responses were observed amongst CMW1 and CMW2, which likely relates to differences in physico-chemical properties between sites. Our results have identified several candidate vertebrate and invertebrate species that show promise for ongoing monitoring of water quality and toxicity risk in Central Queensland, Australia.
10aAustralia10aCoal mine wastewater10aFish10aInvertebrates10aTadpole10aWhole effluent toxicity1 aLanctôt, C.1 aWilson, S.P.1 aFabbro, L.1 aLeusch, F.D.L.1 aMelvin, S.D.  uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765131630063X02757nas a2200265   4500008004100000020001400041245017200055210006900227260005900296300001300355490000700368520186200375100001902237700001402256700001602270700001302286700001902299700001802318700001702336700002002353700001602373700001802389700002702407856005702434       2016                        eng d  a1932-620300aDe Novo Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Immune Related Genes and the RIG-I-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway in the Freshwater Planarian (Dugesia japonica)0 aDe Novo Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Immune Rel  aSan Francisco, CA USAbPublic Library of Sciencec2016  ae01515970 v113 aBACKGROUND: The freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica (D. japonica) possesses extraordinary ability to regenerate lost organs or body parts. Interestingly, in the process of regeneration, there is little wound infection, suggesting that D. japonica has a formidable innate immune system. The importance of immune system prompted us to search for immune-related genes and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways. RESULTS: Transcriptome sequencing of D. japonica was performed on an IlluminaHiSeq2000 platform. A total of 27,180 transcripts were obtained by Trinity assembler. CEGMA analysis and mapping of all trimmed reads back to the assembly result showed that our transcriptome assembly covered most of the whole transcriptome. 23,888 out of 27,180 transcripts contained ORF (open reading fragment), and were highly similar to those in Schistosoma mansoni using BLASTX analysis. 8,079 transcripts (29.7%) and 8,668 (31.9%) were annotated by Blast2GO and KEGG respectively. A DYNLRB-like gene was cloned to verify its roles in the immune response. Finally, the expression patterns of 4 genes (RIG-I, TRAF3, TRAF6, P38) in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway were detected, and the results showed they are very likely to be involved in planarian immune response. CONCLUSION: RNA-Seq analysis based on the next-generation sequencing technology was an efficient approach to discover critical genes and to understand their corresponding biological functions. Through GO and KEGG analysis, several critical and conserved signaling pathways and genes related to RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway were identified. Four candidate genes were selected to identify their expression dynamics in the process of pathogen stimulation. These annotated transcripts of D. japonica provide a useful resource for subsequent investigation of other important pathways.1 aPang, Qiuxiang1 aGao, Lili1 aHu, Wenjing1 aAn, Yang1 aDeng, Hongkuan1 aZhang, Yichao1 aSun, Xiaowen1 aZhu, Guangzhong1 aLiu, Baohua1 aZhao, Bosheng1 aRobinson-Rechavi, Marc  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4795655/